The Dither Studies are created by giving the computer an impossible task: to approximate a solid color using a palette of two complementary colors that will never visually recombine. They are then hand-rendered by the artist, painstakingly recreating the computer's output. The dithering algorithm, responsible for these patterns, is perhaps the fundamental algorithm of digital photography and has changed little since the 1970s. It was adapted by the artist to function on non-square pixels, such as triangles and hexagons.
Right-Triangular Dither 1, 15% Teal
2021
acrylic on panel
144 × 96 inches
Buffalo AKG Collection
as installed at Electric Op at Buffalo AKG Museum (2024-2025)
Bi-Directional Dither, 34.1% Gold
2024
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Floyd-Steinberg, 42.3% Teal
2023
acrylic on panel
24 × 18 inches
Right-Triangular Dither 1, 30.85% Gold
2023
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Dither Study in Lavender, Magenta, and Green
2023
acrylic on panel
6 × 24 inches
Dither Study in Orange and Teal
2023
acrylic on panel
6 × 18 inches
Dither Study in Orange, Teal, and White
2023
acrylic on panel
6 × 24 inches
Dither Study in Yellow and Blue
2023
acrylic on panel
6 × 18 inches
Atkinson Dither, 33.7% Cornflower Blue
2022
acrylic on panel
96 × 47 inches
Right-Triangular Dither 1, 68.6% Grey
2022
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Right-Triangular Dither in Green, White, Black
2022
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Right-Triangular Dither, 34.8% Gold
2022
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Floyd-Steinberg, 28.2% Green
2022
acrylic on panel
96 × 47 inches
Filter-Lite Dither in Red, Green, and Blue
2022
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Thoma Collection
Floyd-Steinberg, 39.4% Glossy
2022
acrylic on panels
dimesions variable (each panel 24 × 18 inches)
Right Triangular Dither 1 in Blue and Gold
2022
acrylic on panels
dimesions variable (each panel 24 × 18 inches)
Atkinson Dither, 37.5% Blue
2021
acrylic on panel
48 × 41.5 inches
Atkinson Dither, 34.5% Green
2021
acrylic on panel
48 × 41.5 inches
Right-Triangular Dither 1, 68% Grey
2021
acrylic on panel and accompanying GIF
48 × 36 inches
Floyd-Steinberg Triptych in Orange and Teal
2020
acrylic on panels
dimesions variable (each panel 24 × 18 inches)
Atkinson Triptych in Yellow and Lavender
2020
acrylic on panels
dimesions variable (each panel 24 × 18 inches)
Atkinson in Red and Cornflower Blue
2020
acrylic on panels
dimesions variable (each panel 24 × 18 inches)
Filter Lite in Yellow and Blue
2020
acrylic on panels
dimesions variable (each panel 24 × 18 inches)
Atkinson Dither, 49% Cornflower Blue
2020
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Floyd-Steinberg, 16.4% Lavender
2020
acrylic on panel
72 × 48 inches
Two Row Sierra, 50% Blue
2019
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Floyd-Steinberg, 12.5% Green
2019
acrylic on panel
72 × 48 inches
Jarvis Dither, 56% Grey
2019
acrylic on panel
72 × 48 inches
Burkes Dither, 32.4% Blue
2019
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Floyd-Steinberg, 12% Green
2019
acrylic on panel
72 × 48 inches
Photoshop Diffusion Dither, 39% Teal
2019
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Burkes Dither, 45% Teal
2018
acrylic on panel
72 × 48 inches
Two-Row Sierra Dither, 45% Green
2018
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Atkinson Dither, 48% Teal
2018
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Atkinson Dither, 48% Green
2018
acrylic on panel
48 × 36 inches
Atkinson Dither, 57% Grey
2017
acrylic on panel
72 × 49 inches
Filter Lite Dither, 34% Grey
2017
acrylic on panel
72 × 49 inches
